Speaker knowledge 1

Speaker is a convert electrical signals into sound signals of electro-acoustic devices. Specifically, the speaker volume is actually the audio signal power is within a certain range through the transducer (electrical energy - mechanical energy - sound energy) and low distortion mode into audible sound having a sufficient sound pressure level.

Many types of speakers, classification also varied, generally according to their works, as well as the shape of the diaphragm burst frequency range classification.

First, the speaker configuration

Our most common electric speaker cone cone. Electric cone speaker that is in the past, we often say cone speaker, although it is still cone diaphragm-based, but there have been many polymer materials of the diaphragm, the metal diaphragm with cone speaker call to a truly a. Tapered cone speaker is generally constituted by the three parts:

1,the vibration system (diaphragm <cone, sound film> voice coil).

2, the magnetic loop system (permanent magnet <magnet> stem <yoke 'U iron or iron T', magnetic board <Washers>).

3, auxiliary support systems (damper <elastic wave>, frames, mats side, terminal strip).

Details of the above three systems:

1, coil: coil is tapered cone speaker drive unit, which is a very thin copper wire (copper / aluminum) two layers (four) in the bone around the plus (paper tube / aluminum / film, etc.), there are dozens of ships around the circle, the suspect placed in the magnetic gap and the magnetic core leg guide plate composition. Voice coil and cone together, when the current signal is passed through the voice coil, the voice coil vibration led the cone vibration.

2, folding ring (edge flanges): rim is to ensure that the axial movement along the cone speaker set limit lateral movement, but acts as a barrier around the empty cone dare circulation effect. Material off the ring except the usual cone material also used plastic, natural rubber, after pressing the adhesive on the cone.

Rigidity or flexibility of movement speed will affect the cone and surround by the formation of elastic waves, for all the speakers in terms of flexibility, elastic wave to provide about 80%, about 20% offer surround, surround two function, its job is to keep the original voice coil in the center of the pole piece gap, but the vibration mode of the edge of the cone, the damping effect caused by the suspension side is very important, surround thickness and material selection drama changing reaction speaker of cone distortions damping and the ability to prevent sonic reflection cone behind the back can change the twist mode in combination of amplitude and phase, making it a cone full member and viable response tool.

3, cone (cone paper): a tapered cone speaker cone diaphragm material used in many types of natural and synthetic fibers generally have two categories. Often used natural fiber cotton, wood, wool, silk and so on, just the use of man-made fibers of rayon, nylon, glass fiber or the like. Since the cone speaker sound radiation device is, to a large extent determines the burst performance of the loudspeaker, so no matter what kind of cone, requires both good light but also rigid, not because of the ambient temperature and humidity changes and modification .

4, the damper (elastic wave): damper for supporting the voice coil and cone binding sites to ensure that its vertically without skew. There damper on many concentric rings, so that the voice coil in a magnetic gap is free to move up and down and not move laterally to ensure that the voice coil does not collide with the magnetic plate. Dust on the damper is to prevent external dust off the magnetic gap and the voice coil to avoid friction dust, leaving the speaker produces an abnormal sound.

(Damper) have some elastic wave function, its second function is to keep the voice coil centered in the gap, and also filed for a layer of ash particles prevent alien invasion within the gap, elastic wave is beginning to provide a speaker the main monomer restoring force, however stiffness elastic waves also affect the loudspeaker resonance (FO), speaker resonance is a function of the quality and flexibility.

(4) Bracket

(2) the diaphragm

(7) the magnetic field gap

(3) Suspension

(8) back tuning hole

(5) permanent magnets

(6) a magnetic circuit

(1) voice coil

Forward voice coil force + fD

(9) the front cover

(10) Dust

(11) mixer paper

Second, the speaker of classification

Classified according to the principle: According to different works, the speakers can be divided into electric-powered loudspeaker, electromagnetic speaker, and electrostatic speakers piezoelectric speaker.

1, electromagnetic speaker: speaker also called reed, reed magnetic excitation signal current through the coil will use soft iron material, magnetized vibrating reed and the magnet can attract each row or split, resulting in the driving force, so that the diaphragm vibration and pronunciation.